Business Communication Trends Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Communication Trends Paper - Essay Example The use of technological tools has also enhanced the capabilities of companies to offer superior customer service. Business communication affects the interaction and communications of employees in all industries. The use of business communication has affected me at my place of work. I am responsible for leading ten employees in daily operations ensuring that all support codes get all necessary supplies and equipment to complete all job tasks. Any person that is put in a supervisory position must have good interpersonal skills and communication abilities. My verbal and written communication skills are excellent. I have learned that the best way to get your employees to respond to is by having the lines of communication open at all times. Every Friday I have a staff meeting with my group to discuss the performance of the week and to plan the job tasks for the following week. A summary of the staff meeting is given to the employees in written form prior to the end the shift. Documentati on is very important to provide an audit trail of business communication. All my employees are given a corporate email account. Electronic communication between the employees is encouraged. The form of communication that I used most often in my day to day activities is verbal communication. â€Å"Business professionals demonstrating effective verbal communication skills use spoken words to convey a message clearly and concisely† (Duggan, 2012). At the start of each shift I speak directly to my staff for five minutes to explain the tasks each team member is going to perform. If I have any special instructions for a particular member of the team I have a separate meeting with the employee in an office where I talk with the person privately. There are lots of new hot trends in the communication industry. Businesses are relying on electronic communication more than ever in the past. In 2011 there were approximately 3.1 billion email accounts registered worldwide and that figure i s expected to reach 4 billion by 2015 (Brownlow, 2012). The growing popularity of emails is forcing businesses to use that form of communication to provide customer service to its clients. Our company also uses a forum to transmit information to customers. The forum has a live chat feature that allows customers to chat with a customer representative. Another hot trend in business communication is the use of telecommuting work arrangements. Telecommuting is a work arrangement in which employees work from remote locations or their homes using communication technology such as fax machines, printers, computers, smartphones, and broadband internet. Currently there are no full time employees working in telecommuting arrangements, but some executives are taking advantage of telecommunication technology to become part-time telecommuters. Two managers of the company get to work from their homes twice a week in order to reduce their previous excessive workload of six ten hour shifts weekly. T he strategy provided these managers with a better work life balance. Telecommuting is a growing trend in the workplace due to the fact that there are so many internet users worldwide. There are approximately two billion internet users globally. â€Å"Users of the internet are multiplying around the globe, and many companies are earning terrific profits in the process of serving those users†

The Characteristics and Development of RFID - Radio frequency identification Essay Example for Free

The Characteristics and Development of RFID Radio frequency identification Essay Wal-Mart, the world leading retailer, announced it will expand its rollout of radio frequency identification (RFID) to a total of 300 suppliers by 2006, following meeting with its top vendors. The retailers top 100 suppliers have already agreed to implement RFID by January 2005. Wal-Mart plans to have the inventory tracking system, which uses radio frequency technology, in six distribution centers and 250 Wal-Mart stores and Sams Club stores by next June. By October of next year, the program will include up to 13 distribution centers and up to 600 Wal-Mart and Sams Club stores. By the start of 2006, Wal-Marts next top 200 suppliers will begin tagging cased and pallets, bringing the total to 300 vendors. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been in commercial use since the early 1980s. It has been employed, for instance, on highway and bridge tolls, in tracking livestock movements, in tracking airfreight and in motorcar manufacturing, but until recently, the technology has been too expensive and too limited for mass commercial applications. However, retailers are now starting to drive the introduction of RFID and it would seem to have the potential to revolutionize efficiency, effectiveness and security throughout supply chain. By definition, RFID is a technology process starts with a tag that is made up of a microchip with an form a magnetic field when they join with the antenna on the RFID tag (FRiDa. com). Its one of the most powerful IT strategic assets in use in retailing industry. According to Michalisim (1997), he pointed out that strategic asset are simultaneously valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable, and nonsubstitutable. RFID technology has been commonly recognized as the key source to enterprise resource management system as well as warehouse management systems and enables retailers to gain competitive edges over rivals. RFID is the generic name for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify items. There are several methods of identifying items using RFID but most systems consist of a tag, which is made up of a microchip with a coiled antenna, and an interrogator or reader with an antenna. The reader sends out electromagnetic waves that form a magnetic field when they couple with the antenna on the RFID tag. The tag draws power from the magnetic field and uses it to power the microchips circuits. The chip then modulates the waves that the tag sends back to the reader and the reader converts the new waves into digital data. The data transmitted by the tag may provide identification or location details and/or specific information about the product such as price, colour and date of purchase. The tags are very flexible in that microchips measuring less than a third of a millimeter wide can now store a wide range of unique product information, they can be read from a distance and through a variety of obstacles. RFID technology can also allow some, but not all, the data held on a tag to be read and the tags can be updated after the original data has been loaded. The tags also offer security in that they can be made virtually tamper free. The technology has been too expensive and too limited for widespread mass commercial applications, but as the price of tags, tag readers and the associated equipment continues to fall so a growing number of retailers have begun to explore the introduction of RFID and this in turn seems likely to bring the technology into everyday consumer use. Wal-Mart is making this revolutionary technology (i. e. RFID) a reality in distribution centers today. Its expected that Wal-Marts top 100 suppliers must be RFID-ready by January 2005 and the retailer then put its large foot forward in April of this year by launching the first phase of RFID implementation at the case and pallet level in Fort Worth marketplace. Apparently, the retailing industry is slowly moving toward a re-engineered supply chain with enhanced efficiencies. RFID represents the most sweeping supply-chain advancement since June 1974, initiated by Wm. Wrigley Company by adopting the worlds first, official grocery-store barcode on a pack of chewing gum. Since then, it changes to the way the supply chain operation becomes more efficient. It is evident to note that RFID helps manufactories virtually eliminate manual data entry and manual business process transactions in such ways: first and foremost, order fulfillment speed is dramatically increased; second, the order accuracy is improved; third, the on-going operating costs of order fulfillment are reduced; the performance of warehouse management system investment can be enhanced; last but not least, hidden warehouse management costs become visible. Moreover, efficiency gains can be measured in picking and put away errors, acceleration of handling for return and restocking, and elimination of physical counts. In addition, RFID enables manufactories to make the most use of data as it becomes available for real-time demand signals when product moves through the supply chain. Furthermore, RFID contributes to the improvements of data accessibility and quality of which having a positive impact on demand forecast accuracy (Smith Offodile, 2002). Consequently, it helps manufactories to gain real-time visibility into customer purchase decisions throughout the value chain, which prepare firms to react and influence the marketplace. Cited from Rose (1996), An inspection of technological changes in terms of supply chain management over the last 20 years has illustrated that there have been tremendous changes in the area of physical distribution or supply chain management systems through global business. Information technology and RFID have changed payables, receivables, and the asset side of inventory. Typically, RFID use modern wireless technologies to provide manufactories with unique solutions to difficult logistical tracking of inventory. The technology is largely feature in its stability, with open architectures becoming increasingly available.

Misunderstandings :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thus far this semester, we have learned of how language functions as a whole on society, but Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ll be doing something a little different. Let me start off with a question. Who here has gotten into a fight with their significant other or just a friend of the opposite sex over a misunderstanding, misinterpretation, or feel that they are just speaking another language and you donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t understand them?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This so-called phenomenon is best described by the metaphor of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"men are from mars and women are from venusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s why we speak different languages. We donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really come from different planets, but we are very different in our communication styles. Our expression of language is affected by our sex and gender. This is epitomized by the ever so popular clichÃÆ' © of, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“I donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t understand women/men.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? And this clichÃÆ' © was verified by your answers to the question I just posed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While the most obvious function of language is to communicate information, language also contributes to at least two other equally important, but less often recognized, functions: (1) to establish and maintain social relationships, and (2) to express and create the social identity of the speaker. In my paper I will attempt to verify how language is affected by sex and gender. My primary focus will be on Deborah Tannenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work on understanding women and men in conversation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tannen discusses many disparities in language caused by gender such as men often seeking straightforward solutions to problems and useful advice whereas women tend to try and establish intimacy by discussing problems and showing concern and empathy in order to reinforce relationships. Female subculture uses language to build equal relationships, while male subculture uses language to build hierarchical relationships.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If conforming to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis that language shapes the way we see the world, language allows people to pass on ideas influencing the younger generation. The gender identity that accompanies our sex is predetermined by our parentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perception of sex and gender. Typically, little girls are raised to be sensitive and soft and to express their feelings, but boys are asked to be tough and detached from their emotions. Take for example a boy and a girl who play together and both fall down. Typically, the girl would be allowed to cry and will be picked up and taken care of while the little boy would be asked to stop crying and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"suck it up.

What My Sister Means to Me

article 4 nola. com Gulf of Mexico oil spill's environmental impact expected to be profound, long-lasting Published: Friday, May 07, 2010, 8:26 PM As the â€Å"Miss Brandy† shrimp boat skimmed rust-colored clumps of oxidized oil from Chandeleur Sound, seagulls from a flock circling nearby dived beneath a light oily sheen on the water's surface to feed on a school of minnows Friday afternoon. â€Å"The fish are probably coming to the surface because they're dying from the oil,† said Larry Schweiger, president and CEO of the National Wildlife Federation. Those gulls think they're getting a free meal when really they're getting a load of toxins. † Schweiger, who heads the nation's largest conservation group, led reporters on a six-hour boat tour to survey ecological damage caused by the Deepwater Horizon oil leak, which has been spewing an estimated 210,000 gallons of sweet crude per day into the Gulf of Mexico since the drilling rig exploded April 20. A 100-mile rou nd trip from Venice to the Chandeleur Islands revealed no oil on the shorelines of several islands. However, areas in Chandeleur Sound are crisscrossed by long ribbons of degraded oil, which turns a rust color as iron in the oil is exposed to air. Once scooped from the water, the oily clumps transform into gooey dark brown globs with the consistency of molasses. Shrimp boats were deployed throughout the sound to skim the water with orange booms to corral the floating oil. Schweiger traced the clumping phenomenon to a decision by BP, which was leasing the rig and is in charge of clean-up efforts, to use dispersants both on the water's surface and below the surface to break up the oil before it can wash ashore. Using dispersants minimizes the damage to the coastline, but the oil is spread throughout the water column and probably does more damage to the fisheries,† he said. â€Å"The dispersants just shift the risk. It's a trade off. † He applauded the decision to halt the use of underwater dispersants on the Deepwater Horizon leak, which is nearly a mile below the water' s surface, deeper than chemical dispersants had ever been used before. About two miles west of the Chandeleur Islands, schools of rain minnows could be seen darting beneath the floating oil. Schweiger said the fish are likely doomed. Dispersants will make oil and water mix, but there's no way to make oil and fish mix,† he said. Most islands in Chandeleur Sound are not protected by containment booms. One notable exception is New Harbor Island, a prime nesting ground for brown pelicans because the mangrove trees enable the birds to build nests safe from high tides. The island is encircled by booms, but beyond the booms were patches of oily water. â€Å"You can protect the island from the oil, but the pelicans are still exposed to it when they feed on fish in contaminated water,† Schweiger said. There have been several confirmed sightings of oil on barrier islands, but he oil does not appear to be staying very long, at least not in high concentrations. Schweiger pointed to a spot on Freemason Island, where he had seen oil the day before. Nevertheless, high tides had apparently washed it away by Friday afternoon, when several killdeer could be seen darting along the shoreline where the oil had been. However, Schweiger noted that little of the oil gushing from the ruptured well for more than two weeks has been removed from the water. â€Å"Just because you can't always see the oil doesn't mean it's not there and that it's not going to have a huge impact on nature,† he said.

Persuasive Speech Outline

Persuasive Speech Outline – Ghost I. Introduction: A. Attention-Getter: Do you believe in ghost or the existence of the afterlife? B. Link-to Audience: You may not even believe that actually ghosts are everywhere around us, but, they are. C. Speaker Credibility: I am here today to share with all of you my research on ghost. D. Thesis Sentence: I will convince you that the existence of ghost is real. E. Preview of Speech: Firstly, I would like to define ghost. Then I’ll begin with explaining some old folks’ â€Å"rumours† or â€Å"saying†.Then I would like to share with you an article of a Doctor’s experience of the afterlife. Transition: Let's begin with a question. II. Definition A. Ghost is defined as the spirit of a person that has died. Transition: Most of you heard of other people’s supernatural experiences such as a ghost possessed and near-dead experience but only few of you experienced on your own. So why and how it can happen? III. Explanation A. The existence of the human magnetic field B. The proximity of the magnetic oscillation frequencyC. Energy conversion Transition: You may think that what I’ve told you are just crapping. Believe it or not, now I’m going to tell you some true stories that happened from my friends. III. True story at: A. Amber Court, Genting Highland B. Ria, Genting Highland C. An abandoned hospital, in Selangor. Transition: Although currently we still cannot provide a scientific proof of the existence of ghost, sometimes things may happen magically without any reason. IV. Conclusion A.Restate thesis: Remember, ghost exists around us. Most of us can’t see them because we are in different magnetic field. B. Restate main points: I have briefly explained what is ghost and how does ghost possession can happen and I have told you few true stories of my friend. C. Call-to-Action: Believe in the existence of ghost is not scary but more like a prevention. They exist be cause of us, dies. They make no harm to us if we don’t provoke them. D. Clincher: So, be careful guys. Those empty seats are occupied by â€Å"them†. Persuasive Speech Outline Samples of Persuasive speech Outline SAMPLE 1 From the time we wake up in the morning to the moment we lay are head down at night, we are constantly making choices. Some take a conscious effort, some should, and some do not. Have you ever taken the time to really stop and think if you’re giving the correct amount of attention to the right choice? I’m here today to ask you to be more conscious of what you eat. I’m going to discuss health reasons, effect of food advertisements, reading food labels, and fad diets. Let’s start off by talking about America’s health crisis. I.Number one reason to be conscious of your eating habits is to watch out for your health. A. Obesity is the number two cause of preventable death according to the behavioral risk factor surveillance system (CDC, 2010) 1. In 2005-2006 67% Americans 20 years or older were overweight or obese(CDC, 2010). 2. Being overweight or obese leads to increased risk of breast cancer, cardiovascula r diseases, type II diabetes and many others(Insel, 2006) 3. Can be prevented by monitoring how many calories you eat and how much daily activity you perform. B. In 2007 23. 6 million people had been diagnosed with diabetes (CDC, 2010). . 90-95% of them had type II (mayo clinic, 2009) 2. Diabetes can be prevented by consuming a variety of foods, controlling portions, getting adequate fiber, and 30 minutes of moderate exercise (mayo clinic, 2009) II. Advertisements are affecting our food choices. A. I believe that if we are more aware of what we are seeing and hearing in ads, we can control how food advertisements effect us 1. Media sometimes sensationalizes and over-simplifies nutrition related topics to increase viewers and products sales (Insel, 2006) B. Most ads promote food that is high in calories, fats and sugars (CSPI, 2009). . 90% of commercials on Saturday morning programs are promoting junk food or fast food(CSPI, 2009) 2. Only 2% of all commercials are fruits, vegetables, and whole grains (CSPI, 2009) III. Reading labels is the number one step to being more conscious of your food choices. A. Pay attention to the ingredient 1. The ingredients listed are always in descending order according to the amount by weight used in the product. 2. It is best to choose the food product with the least ingredients and you should know what those ingredients are because these foods are the least processed (Wright). . Best to avoid food that contain dyes because it is the same dyes used in materials (Wright). a. Some common food dyes such as yellow 5 and red 40 have been linked to hyperactivity, impulsivity, learning difficulties, and ADHD in children (CSPI, 2009). b. There are plenty of natural dyes such as beta carotene, beet root red, and paprika that can be used (CSPI, 2009). B. Health claims are not the same as function claims. 1. Health claims are FDA regulated where as function claims are not (Wright). 2.A health claim simply states that a food is high in a nu trient such as calcium or fiber; function claim states that the food will do something such as burn fat or boost immunity. 3. This means that function claims are not always true because they have not been thoroughly tested. IV. Be aware that fad diets are not the answer to healthy nutrition; only lifestyle changes are. 1. According to the American heart association (2010), fad diets are not nutritionally balanced. a. They mostly focus on one food or nutrient which defeats the number one principle of nutrition: eat a wide variety of food. b.It is not possible to get all your nutrients from one food (AHA, 2010). i. Carbohydrates are needed for energy. ii. Protein to needed create hormones such as insulin. iii. Fat needed to keep us warm and protect organs. 2. Diana Wright, registered dietitian, says that fad diets lack exercise, claim unrealistic weight loss, and aren’t based on facts. It’s no mystery that what we eat has an effect on our lives, but yet we still fail to be conscious of what we take in. I think it’s important for all of you to start making better food choices today by being aware of the health risks, ads, fad diet gimmicks, and reading labels.If we can start new healthy habits now, they may be harder to break down the road. Works Cited American heart association. (2010). Quick weight loss or fad diets. Retrieved from http://www. americanheart. org/presenter. jhtml? identifier=4584 Center for disease control. (2010, March 2). Retrieved from www. cdc. gov Center for science in the public interest. (2009) Retrieved from www. cspinet. org Insel, P. , & Turner, E. , Ross, D. (2006). Discovery Nutrition: second edition. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Mayo Clinic. (2009, June). Type 2 diabetes. Retrieved from http://www. mayoclinic. om/health/type-2-diabetes/DS00585 SAMPLE 2 Would you like to have less stress and more energy? Would you like to change your body shape or boost your sex life? How about lowering your risk for cancer and heart disease? I’m telling you that you can achieve all of these things plus much more just by moving your body. I’m not going to tell you how to move your body, and even though you’ve heard about it many times before, I am going to reiterate some of the benefits you will receive from exercising regularly because many of you still aren’t active enough. Unfortunately your health may be at risk.THESIS: No matter what your shape, size or age, having a lifestyle that includes fitness will help you feel better physically, mentally and help prevent disease. OUTLINE: I. Exercise has many psychological and emotional benefits. A. Stress, depression and anxiety levels can be reduced with regular physical activity. B. Persons that exercise regularly tend to be happier, have positive attitudes, and are more productive. (Indian Express) C. Many people have a more positive self-image and increased confidence. D. Boosts your mood. II. Consistent physical activity can help the way your body looks and feels.A. You can change your body shape by using weights with strength training exercises. B. Muscle tension that can build up is relieved when toning your muscles. C. Your sleep quality is greatly improved. D. Combined with proper nutrition, helps to control weight and prevent obesity which is a risk factor for many diseases. III. Overall health is improved and aids in preventing illness. A. Helps decrease your risk heart disease and stroke by improving cholesterol levels, blood flow and heart function. B. Blood pressure is better managed. C. Prevents bone loss and osteoporosis by promoting bone formation. D.Exercise is linked to a decrease in the risk of colon cancer, breast tumors, and other malignancies. IV. Top five reasons people don’t exercise. A. They hate exercise. (5) Something enjoyable can always be found. B. They don’t know how to exercise. (4) Many resources available to teach you about exercise. C. They†™re too tired to exercise. (3) Exercising regularly will actually increase your energy level. D. They don’t have money. (2) There are many physical activities a person can do and they don’t cost any money. E. They don’t have time to exercise. (1) People have to choose to take the time to exercise.They only need 30 minutes a day, 3-5 times a week. WORKS CITED: Age and Exercise: Good Habits Form Early, Lyons, Linda, Gallup Poll Tuesday Briefing; 11/26/2002, p1, 3p, 3 Graphs Newport, Frank , Source: Book, Gallup Poll Briefing; 11/22/2006, p1-4, 4phttp://ezproxy. fhda. edu:2051/login. aspx? direct=true&db=pwh&AN=23777 509&site=pov-live American Cancer Society, www. cancer. org, â€Å"More Evidence That Excercise Reduces Cancer Risk† (2003) (accessed March 15, 2010) â€Å"The SurgeonGeneral’s Vision For a Healthy and Fit Nation 2010, www. surgeongeneral. gov U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (accessed March 15, 2010SAMPLE 3 Show video: ht tp://www. youtube. com/watch? v=qpYq9CBZoKQ Thesis: When you choose to drink and drive you not only affect your life but you affect the lives of others around you. Introduction: I will inform you of some statistics involving drunk driving. I will also discuss two indicators of driving under the influence. The punishments that follow after making this decision and what you can do to avoid drinking and driving. When people make the decision to drink and drive they not only affect their life but they affect the lives of others around them. I. Statistics of drunk driving A.Statistic information collected by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (posted on the Mothers Against Drunk Driving website) 1. â€Å"In 2008, an estimated 11,773 people died in drunk driving crashes involving a driver with an illegal BAC (. 08 or greater). † (M. A. D. D. ) B. According to californiaavoid. org, the clearing house for DUI statistics for the thirteen cities in Santa Clara county, Santa Clara County had 289 DUI arrests from December 18th through December 24th in 2009. C. These high numbers make me think that drivers today are unaware of how alcohol affects their driving abilities.II. The two primary indications of driving under the influence are your BAC and an inability to successfully pass field sobriety exercises. A. What is BAC? And how is it calculated? 1. BAC stands for Blood Alcohol Content/concentration. This is the percentage of alcohol in the bloodstream. (dictionary. com) 2. Calculation, use power point. B. How does alcohol affect your ability to pass field sobriety exercises? 1. Officers of the law will conduct many exercises a. Nystagmus (bouncing of pupils) b. Coordination exercises c. Balance exercises 2. â€Å"Any amount of alcohol affects your ability to drive safely.The effects can include slower reactions, increased stopping distance, poorer judgment of speed and distance, and reduced field of vision. † (Blitz) C. Once you have cross ed the line with drinking and driving there is no coming back and what lies ahead of you are consequences and punishment. III. What types of consequences and punishments are out there? A. Law enforcement consequences 1. DUI/DWI a. Driving under the influences and driving while intoxicated is the same thing and suffer the same consequences. 2. Suspension of license/ jail time a. Your driving privileges can and most likely will be revoked.B. Personal punishments 1. Loss of vehicle a. Car could end up totaled b. Car could be impounded c. This type of punishment can and will hurt your pocket. It will cost you a lot of money to replace or fix what is broken. 2. Insurance will increase a. â€Å"Anyone that is found to be involved in an auto accident where alcohol was a contributing factor can expect more dire consequences. The person that was drinking and driving will either not be able to get their policy renewed or will pay much greater premiums than before the accident. † (Odimb a) 3. The inability to get hired due to DUI a.It is safe to assume that job opportunities which require the use of corporation vehicles are no longer open to those individuals convicted of driving under the influence. 4. Injury or Death a. Driving while intoxicated can lead you to injury yourself b. You can also kill someone c. â€Å"Alcohol related crashes are the leading cause of death for young Americans, between the ages of 16 and 24 years old. † (Alcohol Impaired) C. Drinking and driving is not the only option you have, there are services out there that can get you and others home safely. IV. How to avoid drunk driving A. Local Services 1.Your Designated Driver 877-NO-DUI-SJ a. This service will pick you and your automobile up and take you home. This is not a free service b. Service areas: Campbell, Los Gatos, Santana Row B. Taxi’s C. Designated Drive 1. Before you go out with friends make sure there is a designated driver. 2. Have a plan before you start to drink . 3. Driving home intoxicated is not the answer, be a smart, save your life or another’s life. Conclusion: Raise your hand if your life is important enough to you, not to drink and drive. Keep your hand up if your friend’s life is also important enough to you, not to drink and drive.I hope the information I have given you has made your knowledge of driving under the influence more clear. Thousands of people our age die every day due to alcohol related accidents. I hope you will use the knowledge of calculating your blood alcohol content that it might keep you from getting behind the wheel. As I discussed there are many consequences and punishments for making the decision to drink and drive. I am telling you drinking and driving is not your only option, there are safer choices you can make that will keep you, another person, family member or friend alive. Don’t drink and drive.Work Cited: â€Å"Alcohol Impaired Driving Statistics†. DUI Statistics: Cause of Death. 14 March 2010 . â€Å"Blitz on drink-driving†. Bath Chronicle 30 May 2008: 1-1. Magazine â€Å"DUI Statistics: Winter Holiday 2009†. California Avoid. 14 March 2010 . Mothers Against Drunk Driving, M. A. D. D. . â€Å"Statistics†. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 14 March 2010 . Odimba, Chimezirim. â€Å"How much will my insurance increase after one accident? â€Å". Ezine Articles. 14 March 2010 . SAMPLE 4 Topic: Lottery tickets. Thesis: There are certain beliefs about lottery tickets, which will be proven wrong.Introduction 1. â€Å"Today’s Super Lotto numbers are 7, 12, 21, 43, 46†¦ and Mega number 16,† that based on calottery. com on April 29, 2006. 2. According to the gambling statistics at lotteryinsider. com, nearly 50% of all Americans claim they have bought a state lottery ticket in the past year. 3. People have four common beliefs about the lottery: winning money, changing lives, less to more, one time only. 4. Persuasively, those four beliefs about the lottery are proven wrong. Body I. With the lottery you can win money. A. Yes, you can win money†¦key word can. B. But do you know the chances of winning?C. Statistics show that in the California Lotto, your odds are 1 in 25,827,165. D. The chances of getting struck by lightning are higher than winning the lottery. II. The lottery can change your life. A. True, the lottery changes your life†¦in more negative ways. B. Based on CNN news, a man who won $57,000 in an Indiana lottery game taped for television died hours later after being hit by a pickup truck. C. Based on Fox news, a wife divorces her husband who won the lottery winner because of financial issues. D. Other problem arises when lottery winners come into contact with a high sum of money.III. Spending less money to win more money. A. Of course, the lottery cost one dollar for one line, which is less money. B. My mother have brought lottery tickets for 20 years; spending approximately $5 a week. C. Multiply that by 52 weeks equals to $260, which times 20 years equal $5200. D. In the course of the 20 years, the total amount she won is estimated to around $100, which ends up spending more money than winning money. IV. First time players will play one time, which doesn’t matter if they win or lose. A. First time players claim that they will not buy lottery tickets again.B. Although winning or losing money doesn’t matter, the scenario is false. C. The winners will play again since they have the greed to win more money while the losers will continue to play until they win back the money they lost. D. Addiction arouse for those lottery buyers, which sparks a new form of gambling. Conclusion 1. Again, nearly 50% of all Americans claim they have bought a state lottery ticket in the past year. 2. The four main beliefs about the lottery: winning money, changing lives, less to more, one time only are proven wrong. . Imposingly, the odds are 1 in 25,827,165, lives of the winners are changing negatively, buyers spend more money than winning money, and first time players continue to play. 4. In other words, if you do not want to waste money and time, do not buy a lottery ticket†¦your high hopes will just be a waste. Works Cited California Lottery. 21 April 2006. 2 May 2006. â€Å"Gambling Statistics. † Gall Up Poll News. 2 February 2004. 2 May 2006. â€Å"Lottery winner dies in accident hours after show. † CNN News. 24 January 2004. 2 May 2006.

The Life of Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4 B.C. - A.D. 65)

The Life of Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4 B.C. - A.D. 65) The Life of Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4 B.C. - A.D. 65) Seneca was an important Latin writer for the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and beyond. His themes and philosophy should even appeal to us today, or so says Brian Arkins in Heavy Seneca: his Influence on Shakespeares Tragedies, Classics Ireland 2 (1995) 1-8. ISSN 0791-9417.   While James Romm, in Dying Every Day: Seneca at the Court of Nero, questions whether the man was as principled as his philosophy. Seneca the Elder was a rhetorician from an equestrian family in Cordoba, Spain, where his son, our thinker, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, was born in about 4 B.C. His aunt or someone took the young boy to be educated in Rome where he studied a philosophy that blended Stoicism with neo-Pythagoreanism. Seneca began his career in law and politics in about A.D. 31, serving as consul in 57. He fell afoul of the first of 3 emperors, Caligula. Caligulas sister suffered exile under Claudius on a charge of adultery with Seneca who was sent to Corsica for his punishment. Helped by Claudius last wife Agrippina the Younger, he overcame Corsican exile to serve as advisor of the last of the Julio-Claudians, from 54-62 A.D. whom he had earlier served as tutor. Seneca and the Julio-Claudian Emperors: The Suicide of Seneca Seneca wrote tragedies that have raised the question of whether they were intended for performance; they may have been meant strictly for recitation. They are not on original topics, but treat familiar themes, often with gruesome detail. Works of Seneca Works by Seneca Available at the Latin Library:Epistulae morales ad LuciliumQuaestiones naturalesde Consolatione ad Polybium, ad Marciam, and ad Helviamde IraDialogi: de Providentia, de Constantia, de Otio, de Brevitate Vitae, de Tranquillitate Animi, de Vita Beata, and de ClementiaFabulae: Medea, Phaedra, Hercules [Oetaeus], Agamemnon, Oedipus, Thyestes, and Octavia?Apocolocyntosis and Proverbs. Practical Philosophy Virtue, Reason, the Good Life Senecas philosophy is best known from his letters to Lucilius and his dialogues. In accordance with the philosophy of the Stoics, Virtue (virtus) and Reason are the basis of a good life, and a good life should be lived simply and in accordance with Nature, which, incidentally,  didnt mean you should eschew wealth. But whereas the philosophical treatises of an Epictetus might inspire you to lofty goals you know youll never meet, Senecas philosophy is more practical. [See Stoic-Based resolutions.] Senecas philosophy is not strictly Stoic, but contains ideas thrown in from other philosophies. He even coaxes and cajoles, as in the case of his advice to his mother to cease her grieving. You are beautiful, he says (paraphrased) with an age-defying appeal that needs no make-up, so stop acting like the worst kind of vain woman. You never polluted yourself with make-up, and you never wore a dress that covered about as much on as it did off. Your only ornament, the kind of beauty that time does not tarnish, is the great honour of modesty. So you cannot use your sex to justify your sorrow when with your virtue you have transcended it. Keep as far away from womens tears as from their faults.(www.uky.edu/ArtsSciences/Classics/wlgr/wlgr-privatelife261.html) 261. Seneca to his mother. Corsica, A.D. 41/9. Another famous example of his pragmatic philosophy comes from a line in Hercules Furens: Successful and fortunate crime is called virtue. He did receive criticism. He suffered exile for a supposed liaison with Livilla, mockery for his pursuit of wealth, and the scorn heaped on hypocrites for condemning tyranny,  yet being a tyrannodidaskalos - tyrant teacher, according to Romm. Parody and Burlesque in the Writing of SenecaMenippean Satire The Apocolocyntosis (The Pumpkinification of Claudius), a Menippean Satire, is a parody of the fashion of deifying emperors and a burlesque of the buffoonish emperor Claudius. Classical scholar Michael Coffey says the term apocolocyntosis is meant to suggest the conventional term apotheosis whereby a man, usually someone at the head of government, like a Roman emperor, was turned into a god (by order of the Roman Senate). Apocolocyntosis contains a word for some type of gourd probably not a pumpkin, but Pumpkinification caught on. The much ridiculed Emperor Claudius was not going to be made into a normal god, who would be expected to be better and brighter than mere mortals.   Senecas Social Consciousness On the serious side, because Seneca compared mans being enslaved by emotions and vices with physical slavery, many have thought he held a forward-looking view on the oppressive institution of slavery, even though his attitude towards women (see quotation above) was less enlightened. Legacy of Seneca and the Christian Church Seneca and the Christian Church Although currently doubted, it was thought that Seneca was in correspondence with St. Paul. Because of this correspondence, Seneca was acceptable to the leaders of the Christian Church. Dante placed him in Limbo in his Divine Comedy. During the Middle Ages much of the writing of Classical Antiquity was lost, but because of the correspondence with St. Paul, Seneca was considered important enough that monks preserved and copied his material. Seneca and the Renaissance Having survived the Middle Ages, a period that saw the loss of many classical writings, Seneca continued to fare well in the Renaissance. As Brian Arkins writes, in the article mentioned at the beginning of this article, on p.1: For the dramatists of the Renaissance in France, in Italy, and in England, Classical tragedy means the ten Latin plays of Seneca, not Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.... Not only was Seneca suited to Shakespeare and other Renaissance writers, but what we know of him he fits our mindset today. Arkins article predates 9/11, but that only means another incident can be added to the list of horrors: [T]he appeal of Senecas plays for the Elizabethan age and for the modern age is not far to seek: Seneca studies evil with great diligence and, in particular, evil in the prince, and both those ages are very well versed in evil.... In Seneca and in Shakespeare, we encounter first a Cloud of Evil, then the defeat of Reason by Evil, and, finally, the triumph of Evil.All this is caviar to the age of Dachau and Auschwitz, of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, of Kampuchea, Northern Ireland, Bosnia. Horror does not turn us off, as it turned off the Victorians, who could not handle Seneca. Nor did horror turn off the Elizabethans.... Main Ancient Sources on Seneca Dio CassiusTacitusOctavia, a play sometimes attributed to Seneca

Inventory Management Project Essays

Inventory Management Project Essays Inventory Management Project Essay Inventory Management Project Essay computer). The precision of a perpetual system can generate a report at any moment to reveal precisely the amount and quantity of inventory that should be on hand for any product in the system.Inventory shrinkage: This is a common problem in drugs inventory. In Servaid pharmacy lost, theft, wear and tear of inventory is charged to the employee’s salary. But in Fazal Din and Guardian pharmacy lose in invetory is beared by the company. Shortage of medicine: When a pharmacitical company do not produce a specific medicine like â€Å"Panadol Tablet† due to any reason then supply will be short in the market . The branch managers of these pharmacies told to research group it is very difficult to control this situtation because the pharmacitical companies do not inform us before shortage.In such situtation we offer subtitute with same formula otherwise we lose our customer and it decreases our goodwill. Use of software: All these pharmacies use computer software for inventory management these are very benefical and time consuming exercise. This softwear directly connected with the head office server. One person can check all stock of inventory within 20 to 30 minutes in front of computer. The software also creates automatic printed sales bills on the sale of drugs and also creat automatic invoice to ordering stock. Treatment of expiry:When the specific batch of drugs is reaching near expiry the software alerted and branch manager inform to their head office. In such case the pharmaciticals company sent a person who collects the medicine on the behalf of the company. If the employees of the pharmacy are unable to provide expiry drugs on time then the lose of expiry drugs is beared by the pharmacy. Temperature sensitive inventory: Drugs are kept in light temperature or moisture-free storage conditions. All drugs should be stored according to conditions described on the label. When specified on the l abel, controls for humidity, light, etc. hould be in place. Temperatures should be controlled and monitored using calibrated monitoring devices and records of temperature and alarms, were applicable, should be maintained.Monitoring is conducted at points representing the extremes of the temperature range based on temperature mapping. These pharmacies used refrigerator to store Temperature sensitive drugs. Floor temperature: 59-86 F and refigeration: 40-42 Change of weather: Changes in weather are also effect on inventory. These pharmaceutical outlets change their order according to the requirement. Like he sale of brufen syrup and zyrtec tablets is increase in winter season that’s why pharmacy technician store more quantity of these medicines other then routine in winter season. Human error: When researcher visit these pharmacies they found that some time pharmacy technician make mistake for recording inventory of any medicine like actual inventory is 101 pieces and pharmacy technician record 110 pieces of inventory in computer software. There is always possibility of human error so there is need of verification of each unit with order invoice Inventory Types:These Pharmacies provide different kinds of medicines to it’s customers like injections, tablets, syrup, capsule, syringe and drips etc†¦ When the research group visits Servaid and Fazal Din Pharmacy they found that these pharmacies also provide other retail products like cosmetics and some other general store products.References: Fazal Din Pharmacy, Guardian Pharmacy, Servaid Pharmacy, Pharmacy Managenet By: Shane P. Desselle and David P. Zgarrick Financial Management for Pharmacists By: Andrew L. Wilson The Pharmacy Informatics Primer By: Doina Dumitru referenceforbusiness. com/management/Int-Loc/Inventory-Management. html

Becas para deportistas para estudiar en Estados Unidos

Becas para deportistas para estudiar en Estados Unidos Entre la ayuda financiera para pagar por el college o la universidad destacan las  becas para deportistas domà ©sticos y extranjeros. Las becas estn abiertas a ciudadanos, residentes permanentes, estudiantes internacionales (visa F-1), indocumentados con accià ³n diferida aprobada (DACA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y, en ocasiones, tambià ©n a indocumentados no elegibles para DACA. Ventajas de las becas Las becas, que pueden ser totales o parciales, permiten obtener una licenciatura de Estados Unidos, entrenar a un gran nivel deportivo, mejorar notablemente el conocimiento del idioma inglà ©s. Incluso en el caso de estudiantes internacionales  se puede obtener al finalizar los estudios un OPT, que es un programa que permite seguir en Estados Unidos por un aà ±o con un permiso de trabajo.Posteriormente se podr conseguir una visa que permita continuar en Estados Unidos o habr que dejar el paà ­s. Quà © se necesita para obtener una beca deportiva para estudiar en una universidad americana Los requisitos son diferentes segà ºn la universidad, pero en general se tienen en cuenta los siguientes factores: Buen nivel deportivo. De à ©l depender en gran medida el importe de la beca.Haber acabado el equivalente al high school americano. En caso de estar cursando estudios universitarios, haber completado menos de tres aà ±os acadà ©micos. Hay que convalidar los tà ­tulos y diplomas de otros paà ­s (es lo que tambià ©n se conoce como validacià ³n). Aquà ­ cada universidad tiene diferentes estndares de  convalidacià ³n  a travà ©s de una determinada agencia,.  Tener entre 18 y 22 aà ±os de edad.Buen nivel de inglà ©s, que se mide en general puntuando 61 puntos en la versià ³n de computadora del examen conocido como TOEFL. Si bien la puntuacià ³n puede variar segà ºn el tipo de programa y universidad. Muchà ­simas universidades tambià ©n admiten el IELTS.Completar la aplicacià ³n.   Importe de las becas Depende de la universidad o college, del nivel del deportista y del deporte. Pero pueden ser completas, cubriendo la inscripcià ³n en la universidad, el alojamiento, las comidas y los libros. O tambià ©n parciales cubriendo un porcentaje de la inscripcià ³n y otros gastos. En estos casos el becado internacional deber probar que puede mantenerse econà ³mica en Estados Unidos. Deportes En general todos los deportes pueden tener becas. La gran mayorà ­a del dinero va para fà ºtbol americano y baloncesto. En el caso de estudiantes internacionales suelen estar concentradas en ciertas actividades deportivas, como por ejemplo: AtletismoBaloncestoFà ºtbol (masculino y femenino)GimnasiaGolfNatacià ³nTenisWaterpolo Hay que resaltar que las mujeres deportistas extranjeras encuentran ms fcilmente becas y estas suelen ser de mayor importe. Asimismo, hay otros deportes en los que las becas existen pero no suelen ser casi nunca completas. Sin embargo, tienen la ventaja de que ofrecen muy buenas condiciones para poder competir. Por ejemplo: EsgrimaEsquà ­Hà ­picaNatacià ³n sincronizadaSnowboard Cà ³mo conseguir las becas deportivas para Estados Unidos Existen 3  caminos bsicos. En primer lugar, que el propio deportista busque las universidades que ofrecen becas para su actividad deportiva, estudie todos los requisitos, tome los exmenes pertinentes y envà ­e la solicitud a varias de ellas. Conviene recordar que el proceso de seleccià ³n americano lleva su tiempo y que hay que aplicar con varios meses de antelacià ³n. Estos son los 8 documentos que requieren la mayorà ­a de las universidades y sirven para dar una idea de la complejidad del proceso. En segundo lugar, una buena fuente de becas son las asociaciones de un deporte en particular. Por ejemplo, los jugadores de tenis deben consultar con la The United States Tennis Association. Los jugadores de bolos, con el Bowling Congress, los jinetes y amazonas, con la American Morgan Horse Association, etc. Asimismo, se debe consultar con organizaciones como la  National Collegiate Scouting Association  que brinda apoyo a buscar becas a todo tipo de atletas. Finalmente, los estudiantes que no aspiran a becas deportivas per se pero que sus estudios estn relacionados con este campo como por ejemplo la medicina deportiva, pueden consultar con la  National Strength and Conditioning Association. En tercer  lugar, es posible recurrir a organizaciones expertas en este tipo de gestiones. Por ejemplo AGM Sports, especialista en estudiantes internacionales o la estadounidense Sport-Scholarships. Hay muchas posibilidades. Consejos para estudiantes internacionales Para obtener la visa F-1 adems de haber sido admitido por una universidad es preciso cumplir con los objetivos generales del gobierno americano para la obtencià ³n de visados. Es decir, no ser inadmisible o inelegible por ciertas causas, como por ejemplo, haber cometido cierto tipo de delitos, no tener và ­nculos fuertes en el paà ­s de origen o, incluso, padecer de ciertas enfermedades contagiosas que se consideran que son un peligro para la sanidad pà ºblica.En estos casos, la visa se deniega. Y una vez que se consigue la visa, el estudiante es el responsable de asegurarse que mantiene en todo momento la validez de la misma y que no incurre en ninguna actividad que puede dar lugar a u anulacià ³n, como por ejemplo, trabajar sin permiso. Adems, deber cumplir con requisitos fijados por las autoridades de inmigracià ³n como notificar sus cambios de domicilio. A tener en cuenta Tambià ©n es posible buscar becas por mà ©rito acadà ©mico. Muchas las otorgan las propias universidades, por ejemplo, no es ampliamente conocido que varias universidades de à ©lite siguen la polà ­tica de need-blind admissions que garantiza becas totales (o casi) a los estudiantes que son admitidos (en muchos casos incluso a internacionales e indocumentados). Finalmente, si el dinero es limitado conviene explorar la posibilidad de  estudiar los dos primeros aà ±os en un Community College, que son ms econà ³micos.

Measure the Current Understanding of Chlamydia in the UK Essay

Measure the Current Understanding of Chlamydia in the UK - Essay Example Chlamydia is very common in western countries. â€Å"Chlamydia is the most common STI in the UK. It affects both sexes, although young women are more at risk. In 2009, 216,000 people were treated at genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics for Chlamydia. Of these, 130,000 were women, and 86,000 were men. Many more cases were treated by GPs or by private doctors. And it’s thought that tens of thousands of other people have caught the infection, but they are unaware that they’ve got it. Screening has recently shown that in some parts of Britain, 10 per cent to 20 per cent young adults have Chlamydia† (Okkhattak 2012). Chlamydia is known as a silent disease, because in most cases Chlamydia doesn’t show any symptoms. â€Å"Around 70-80% of women with Chlamydia don't notice any symptoms. If women do get symptoms, the most common  include:   Pain when urinating (peeing) A change in vaginal discharge Pain in the lower abdomen Pain and/or bleeding during sex Blee ding after sex Bleeding between periods Heavier periods than usual† (Symptoms of Chlamydia 2011). As many as 1 in 4 men with Chlamydia have no symptoms. In men, Chlamydia may produce symptoms similar to gonorrhea. Symptoms may include: Burning sensation during urination Discharge from the penis or rectum Testicular tenderness  or pain Rectal discharge or pain† (Chlamydia 2010). 1. Prevalence of STIs in England then lead to the prevalence of STIs in London, then link it to Chlamydia. There has been a substantial increase in the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases in the United Kingdom, especially among the young. â€Å"In 2009 there were 482, 696 new STI diagnoses in the UK, 3 per cent more than in 2008. Young people aged between 15 and 24 continue to be the group most affected by STIs in the UK. In 2009, around two thirds of new STI diagnoses in women were in those aged under 25, and over half of the new diagnoses in men were in under 25s† (Sexually Trans mitted Infections Fact sheet (November 2010)). The residents of urban areas in London are more affected with acute STIs. There can be many reasons for that, like increased population, more people having sex with infected people etc. Chlamydia is the most common STI, diagnosed in the United Kingdom. â€Å"Since 1999 the number of annual cases of Chlamydia has more than doubled. In 2008 there were 123,018 new diagnoses of Chlamydia in GUM (genitourinary medicine) clinics, which was a record number. Between 2008 and 2009, an estimated 16 percent of young people aged between 15 and 24 in England were tested for Chlamydia at a community setting (outside GUM clinics).By 2009, an estimated 1.5 million Chlamydia tests performed under the programme† (STD Statistics and STDs in the UK n.d.). The rate of Chlamydia infection will be much larger, since Chlamydia remains undetected, and also because people don’t come forward for testing. But Chlamydia can be easily diagnosed and if diagnosed, and treated, it is easily curable. 2. What are the modes of transmission of STI’s especially Chlamydia? In gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, trichomoniasis, HIV, hepatitis, STI is transmitted by vaginal, anal or oral sex, in which exchange of body fluids takes place. It can also be transmitted through skin to skin contact, like genital warts, herpes, scabies, and pubic lice. Some are transmitted thro

Analyzing the author's meaning and method Essay

Analyzing the author's meaning and method - Essay Example Currently, technology affects how people relate by defining the kinds of conversation that people can engage in while reducing personal touch. In addition, the communication technologies compete around the world and the impact of competition can be felt in the society. The human being is substituting the real conversations with shallow and poor connections (Turkle 32). It enables the depicting of a particular image that is verified and tested. The image created is different and has several inferences that could be drawn out of it making the whole process complex and hard to understand. The other issues highlighted by the author are the use of the social media platforms in the development of relationships such as the use of Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and other social platforms. These technologies offer an insensitive short-sighted image of the same person making the relationship development process complex and hard to undertake. The digital worlds have offered several platforms of ope ration with varying degrees of success but also by creating a crisis in the process by the creation of the digital personalities which may be different from the known personality. Such challenges in duality pose serious issues of identity and relationship building. The success of the communication technology is massive in relations to change of the communication protocol and other related issues. ... However, the level of presentation of ideas is different in relation to the context of each case. The use of terms such cyborg and other technological terms improve the presentation of the ideas and create an atmosphere of technological improvement and set up (Turkle 35). Consequently, the terms improves the structure of idea presentation in the book encouraging the development of the different concepts and addresses the issues of change. The book is divided into two parts which complement each other to complete the ideas of the author. The author addresses the impact of technology by dividing the presentation in two parts which include; Robotic movement and networked. These two parts address several issues in development that can be viewed as integral to the development of new understanding of the society. The two parts deals with the different issues of intimacy in relationship development and address the issues of technology. The structure of the whole book is based on increased i mpact of technology and the changes effected in the society as a result of the changes. In spite of the changes in technology, several issues can be addressed by evaluating the power of the choice in the society and addressing the natural changes and forced changes in the writing set up (Turkle 33). However, she does no address some issues articulately creating gaps in the idea synchronization. The explanation of these concepts is addressed by the use of narrations and explanation. For instance, chapter eight beings with narrating the dream of Pia Lindman when entering the Halls of MIT. It states that the interest of student supersedes the impact of social control in changing the perception of the people and

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 21

Psychology - Essay Example The potential of machines were thought to be able to eventually encompass â€Å"an inductive and creative mind, capable of taking initiative, to which human beings could confide all their problems and obtain instant solutions in return† (Ifrah, 1997: 1679). This misconception in the early days of the computer has carried over even to today. This discussion examines the functions of the human brain in addition to the meaning of knowledge and the limitations of machines as compared to the human mind. Mechanical computers, unlike the functions of the computer-like brain do not have the capability to determine right from wrong nor can they make judgments, have no feelings and cannot think on their own. Computers cannot reason, imagine, invent, create, express thoughts, manage ideas, make judgments or possess the ability to adapt to differing situations and therefore cannot solve problems that are new to them. Unlike the human brain, computers aren’t conscious of their own being, have no concept of the world around them and cannot execute voluntary activities (Ifrah, 1997: 1616). Because machines are only able to follow directives, they do not possess the capability to be self-aware. If it is accepted that computers do not and will never become aware of their own being, then it is reasonable to ask what enables the human’s biological machine to attain consciousness while the silicon-based computerized ‘brain’ cannot. Possibly, the answer to this question is the fact that the structure of the human brain is self-organizing. It responds to the individual characteristics and the independent nature of interactions between itself and the particular environment. However other natural, biological systems such as many types of simple ‘animals’ and all plant life encompass a multifaceted, self-organizing interrelationship within its inner mechanism yet are also not aware of themselves. This indicates that though

An Analysis of Marketing Procedures Being Used By Leading Fast Food Literature review

An Analysis of Marketing Procedures Being Used By Leading Fast Food Franchises - Literature review Example sations are highly focused on executing exceptional marketing strategies concerning their diverse range of fast-food products to a large number of global consumers (Christian & Gereffi, 2010). Based in a similar context, Hooley Graham (2008) further observed that the emerging competition among the leading fast-food chain retailers has been a consequence of the extensive marketing activities performed by the global organisations. Moreover, the fast-food retail organisations have also exhibited a trend to incorporate different exceptional marketing strategies by promoting authentic as well as contemporary culinary innovation, cultural tastes, desires as well as demands of the local communities where they operate in the international context (Hooley Graham, 2008). In the similar context, Lichtenberg (2012) has also stated that the global fast-food industry has been playing a crucial role in channelising the effective of internationalisation in various economies, especially, the developi ng economies by accomplishing a rapid expansion in the various international markets. The organisations have also been implementing extensive expansion initiatives allowing franchises in different nations. The franchise units of the leading fast-food brands have been considerably focused on identifying the tastes and preferences of the local consumers executing effective strategies of delivering products to the customer as per their expectations (Lichtenberg, 2012). On the contrary, brands which are observed to be struggling in the global fast-food chain tend to focus extensively on the authentic culinary culture of the local community. These growing brands are also observed to be significantly influenced by the local or regional as well as state-level laws along with the socio-cultural... This essay approves that according to the present day context, the leading fast-food organisations tend to follow the emerging trend of global fast-food markets through executing various complex marketing strategies. The rapid expansion of the business units into different business locations is also a widely used marketing strategy for the global fast-food marketers. With this concern, the globally reputed fast-food chains have been focusing on increasing their business units through franchisees, in particular into different markets which has certainly enabled these brands to achieve larger market share as well as gain competitive advantages in the growing fast-food industry This report makes a conclusion that the demand for fast-food companies has substantially increased in the market segments worldwide where not only children but young people also are observed to decipher their incessantly increasing preferences for fast-food products. It is in this context that the increased demand for fast-food products has intensified the market competition among fast-food companies. In this perspective, fast-food companies are required to adopt enhanced marketing strategies with the objective of improving their performances substantially as well as to acquire a better competitive market position and thus obtain the benefits of sustainable growth. These marketing strategies shall also enable the struggling fast-food franchises in building better brand image within the targeted market segments and therefore obtain competitive benefits over its other existing rivals

The State of Classical Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The State of Classical Music - Essay Example However, after the depression, the perceived social role of classical music as a free cultural good and capital started declining. This is mainly because the audience did not experience or feel the musicians’ sense of humanity or impulse from their (musicians) stage performances. As a result, the audience remained ultimately impenetrable and unwelcoming. Due to the challenges modern individuals are currently going through, there is an urgent need for a change in the kind of music from classical to another genre so that the musicians can be able to reach everyone around the world, emotionally, spiritually, socially or psychologically. Therefore, classical music is in a downward trend since the depression period. Classical music has been declining slowly over the years. In fact, Vanhoenacker (2014) argues that classical music is dead. There are many reasons explaining why classical music is actually dying. For instance, famous individuals are leaving the industry in droves bringing down the classical industry. As a result, classical music will face a shortage of artists in the near future .This is because few new artists are involved in composing and singing this kind of music. Another major reason why classical music is declining around the globe is that classical music is very costly; meaning it is too expensive to stage. Furthermore, the world is changing and individuals in America are accepting the new pop culture and leaving the old behind. Classical music is majorly for the old as the audience is generally made up of the old guys who cannot cheer up but rather, sit quietly and watch. Nevertheless, as popular culture is being taken into account, the youth will want something new that wi ll yield a different experience. They will thus abandon classical music which is termed as old (Vanhoenacker 2014). Finally, musicians also want a break from classical music

An Analysis of Marketing Procedures Being Used By Leading Fast Food Literature review

An Analysis of Marketing Procedures Being Used By Leading Fast Food Franchises - Literature review Example sations are highly focused on executing exceptional marketing strategies concerning their diverse range of fast-food products to a large number of global consumers (Christian & Gereffi, 2010). Based in a similar context, Hooley Graham (2008) further observed that the emerging competition among the leading fast-food chain retailers has been a consequence of the extensive marketing activities performed by the global organisations. Moreover, the fast-food retail organisations have also exhibited a trend to incorporate different exceptional marketing strategies by promoting authentic as well as contemporary culinary innovation, cultural tastes, desires as well as demands of the local communities where they operate in the international context (Hooley Graham, 2008). In the similar context, Lichtenberg (2012) has also stated that the global fast-food industry has been playing a crucial role in channelising the effective of internationalisation in various economies, especially, the developi ng economies by accomplishing a rapid expansion in the various international markets. The organisations have also been implementing extensive expansion initiatives allowing franchises in different nations. The franchise units of the leading fast-food brands have been considerably focused on identifying the tastes and preferences of the local consumers executing effective strategies of delivering products to the customer as per their expectations (Lichtenberg, 2012). On the contrary, brands which are observed to be struggling in the global fast-food chain tend to focus extensively on the authentic culinary culture of the local community. These growing brands are also observed to be significantly influenced by the local or regional as well as state-level laws along with the socio-cultural... This essay approves that according to the present day context, the leading fast-food organisations tend to follow the emerging trend of global fast-food markets through executing various complex marketing strategies. The rapid expansion of the business units into different business locations is also a widely used marketing strategy for the global fast-food marketers. With this concern, the globally reputed fast-food chains have been focusing on increasing their business units through franchisees, in particular into different markets which has certainly enabled these brands to achieve larger market share as well as gain competitive advantages in the growing fast-food industry This report makes a conclusion that the demand for fast-food companies has substantially increased in the market segments worldwide where not only children but young people also are observed to decipher their incessantly increasing preferences for fast-food products. It is in this context that the increased demand for fast-food products has intensified the market competition among fast-food companies. In this perspective, fast-food companies are required to adopt enhanced marketing strategies with the objective of improving their performances substantially as well as to acquire a better competitive market position and thus obtain the benefits of sustainable growth. These marketing strategies shall also enable the struggling fast-food franchises in building better brand image within the targeted market segments and therefore obtain competitive benefits over its other existing rivals

Trouble in Williams Companies Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Trouble in Williams Companies Inc - Essay Example The collapse of Enron in the late 2000 and in the early 2001 was a problem to Williams. This led to uncertainty in the future of energy trading as participants assessed their exposure to Enron. As a result, it competitors like El Paso Corp. announced its intention to curtail investment in energy and concentrate in natural gas. Another rival Reliant resource also decided to scale down its energy trading. The businesses then become very difficult making Williams to record a loss, its first loss in a period of three years. The news about all the problems facing Enron Corporations broadband unit as well as Global Crossing highly exposed substantial weaknesses in the telecom industry and this made Williams Communication Group to be unable to meet its covenants which then led to breach of its lending agreements with its creditors making William Companies financially distressed. Proposed $900 million funding agreement As way to save its situation, Williams Companies Inc proposed a $900 million agreement with Lehman-Berkshire Hathaway which would fund the company and the agreement would be backed by the assets of Barrett Resources Corporation, a company which the Williams had acquired in 2001. The conditions provided for in this agreement were too strict and too onerous for Williams considering the fact that the company was going through tough financial times. The terms required Lehman Brothers would each advance Williams $ 450 million for a period of one year. The terms also required Williams to make a number of payments which included interest rate of 5.8% payable in quarterly basis, the principal amount in one year and an additional payment of 14% of the principal to be paid in cash upon maturity. The proposition would be very helpful to Williams as it would restore liquidity in the company and also increase cash flow but the problem was how to finance it given the financial hard times faced by the company. The loan from Lehman Brother will be guaranteed by William Companies and all of its subsidiaries indicating that the company may lose everything if it is deemed unable to pay for the loan. As a result, the Williams felt a sense of fear that if all does not work out well, they might end up being bankrupt hence losing the company and its subsidiaries to Lehman-Berkshire Hathaway. From the perception of Lehman Hathaway, the proposition would be a good deal for Williams as it will help the company to restore liquidity. According to Lehman Brothers, the terms may not be of much importance for as long as the situation is well taken care of. The purpose of each item in the proposition The purpose of each of the terms of the Proposed Short term credit agreement was to ensure that Williams eventually paid for the loan acquired. Considering the fact that Williams was almost bankrupt, there was the need for Lehman Berkshire Hathaway to restrict Williams in so many ways to ensure t hat the company tried as much as possible to gain from the loan in order to repay the loan without having to sell its assets. The main purpose of having William Companies guaranteed by the company and i

Macbeth as Tragedy Essay Example for Free

Macbeth as Tragedy Essay Shakespeare’s Macbeth is often considered one of literature’s greatest tragedies and is said to reveal much about human nature. Do you agree or disagree that the play conveys much about humanity or about the human experience? What, if anything, does the work suggest about human beings or society? Support your views with textual details and analysis. In your response, address how Macbeth’s subject matter, themes, form, or other literary elements might (or might not) be characteristic of tragedy. How do tragic qualities of the play contribute (or not) to the story’s larger message(s)? Macbeth has always been a play of interest in any age groups. I remember this play in my high school but then which school does not get involved with this play. I do agree with the statement that Macbeth reveals much about human nature. Macbeth reveals the dark side of human nature; ambition, hunger for control and power, it shows us the aftermath that it leaves behind. The play suggests the dark tendencies that lives within many of the human beings in our society; the need to succeed and annihilate their obstacles at any cost: human beings are opportunistic. Macbeth shows us how far a person will go to in order to realize their own ambitions; even to commit a killing. Free will exists in humanity and everyone has the potential for good and the commit evil deeds. The Macbeths lust for power and greed ends up in grim tragedy. Macbeth starts off as a hero; a brave warrior in the battlefield, standing behind his king and protecting his land. This is what makes Macbeth a tragic hero. Tragic hero: A main character who acts with courage but falls from high standing into catastrophic circumstances because of a weakness of character or serious misjudgment. (Clugston, 2010, page. 4. 4, para. 3). Lady Macbeth is willing to lose her soul in order to push her husbands faith to be king a reality and sooner; she asks the gods to remove all compassion and femininity and replace with cold and ruthless qualities; this symbolizes the darkness of human nature. The Macbeths had it all but failed to recognize it due to having their dark ambitions take over them; consuming them and this is the tragedy. The literary elements are the motifs, they are the hallucinations and violence; these motifs lead to tragedy end of the Macbeths.

Effect of Low Income School on Parent Involvement Article

Effect of Low Income School on Parent Involvement Article (Smith 2006, p. 43) in her article has tried to measure the impact of strategies undertaken to involve parent in child education at a low income school using qualitative research methods. Aims of Article The main aims of this article are to: Define how a low-income school defines intentional parental involvement strategies Define effects of those strategies The Methodology The above article is done as a qualitative research. Qualitative research is done to gain a deep understanding of a specific event, rather than a description of a large sample of a population. It is also called ethnomethodology or field research. It helps create information about human groups in social settings. Qualitative research aims to provide a better understanding of a phenomenon through experience, correct reporting, and quotations of actual conversations. It aims to provide an understanding about how participants tend to interpret their surroundings, and how their interpretations influence their behaviors. The main methodology for conducting this research was conducting a study at a low income school whose new structure was replacing an outdated structure in 2002. During the planning stage of the school community members, parents and agency professionals were involved in development of the new school structure to cater for the needs of low income families and of programs to involve parents in students education at the school. The efforts were then measured using qualitative data collection methods such as participant observation, interviews and document reviews. Participant observation is a period of intensive social interaction between the researcher and the subjects, in the latter's environment. It becomes the full-time occupation of the researcher. Participant observers are trained in techniques of observation, which distinguishes them from regular participants. Interviewing is one of the most commonly used methods for gathering data in qualitative research. Qualitative interviewing is usually different from quantitative interviewing in a number of ways. Interviewing tends to be much less structured in qualitative research. In quantitative research, interviews are usually kept much more structured in order to provide a valid measurement of key concepts that can answer some specific research questions. In qualitative interviewing, deviating is encouraged to give insight into what the interviewee sees as important. This is however discouraged in quantitative research. In qualitative interviewing, interviewers can significantly change the schedule and guide of the interview. In qualitative interviewing, The questions of interview get detailed answers; in quantitative research the interview generates answers that can be processed and statistically analyzed quickly. Researchers supplement qualitative research methods such as interviewing and observation with gathering and analyzing documents produced specifically for the research at hand . As such, the review of documents is an unobtrusive method, rich in portraying the values and beliefs of participants in the setting. Sampling was done using snowball sampling technique. A snowball sample is anon-probability sampling techniquethat is appropriate to use in research when the members of a population are difficult to locate. A snowball sample is a sample in which the researcher collects data from the few members of the target population they can find, then they ask those members from whom the data is collected to provide information on the location of other members of that population whom they know. Snowball sampling hardly leads to a representative sample, but sometimes it may be the best option available. For instance, if you are studying people smoking cannabis, you are not likely to find a list of all the people smoking cannabis in your city. However, if you identify one or two people smoking cannabis that are willing to participate in your study, it is likely that they know other cannabis smoking people in their area. However snowball sampling can be avoided if data about something is readily available. Source: http://www.northumbria.ac.uk/static/images/schoolimages/ar_images/cetl/gilldavisondiagram1.jpg The Setting The setting for this research was Clark Elementary School which was situated beside a city park in a small community surrounded by large industrial complexes. Most of the residents in neighborhood were low income. During the 2003-2004 school year, 5% of the students were American Indian, 3% of the students were Asian, 7% were Black, 19% were Hispanic, and 67% were White. According to the Clark Elementary School website, as of October 1, 2003, the languages spoken were 79% English, 11% Spanish, 6% Russian, 3% Ukrainian, 1% Vietnamese, and 2% other. In 1998 the district began to build a new school in order to replace the old one. A advisory group was formed consisting of members from community organizations, government agencies, the local church, the neighborhood association, the Clark Parent Teacher Organization (PTO), educators from Elementary School, and school district personnel to provide input for development of new school. The school was finally completed in 2002. Data Collection This research was qualitative in nature. Data was collected from the participants in three ways: Observation Interviews Document Reviews Observation:The author acted like a participant observer for before and after school programs, Read and play programs and awards assembly to which all families had been invited. Interviews: Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with educators, family workers, and parents from Clark Elementary School. 4 administrators were interviewed including the principal, the district consultant, The family Liaison coordinator and the Family Services coordinator. 6 teachers were interviewed, 6 parents were interviewed. For interviews snowball sampling was used. Source:http://www.featurepics.com/FI/Thumb300/20090704/Interview-1236952.jpg Document Reviews: Documents reviewed pertained mostly to the development process for the new school. All materials collected during the design process were examined and all references to the school in the local paper were reviewed. In addition, the school website and monthly newsletters were reviewed. source:http://blogs.adobe.com/acrolaw/files/2011/01/00_quick_review_illustration.png Findings A Foundation of Understanding: Since the school architecture and its programs were developed keeping the opinions of the communities, parents and members of community associations. After the school opened teachers and staff were made to understand the life circumstances of school families. This helped teachers understand parents more and reduced the probability of teachers blaming parents when their children faced academic difficulties and instead has increased the desire for teachers to assist the children. A Broad Definition: A definition of parental involvement emerged at the school which recognized a wide array of behaviors of involvement such as receipt of social services or picking up food or clothing at Family Resource centre. These behaviors also included the learning activities families engaged in while at home. Creating Intentional Parental Involvement Strategies: The intentional parental involvement strategies were designed in two distinct ways: Strategies to Provide Services: During initial meetings after considering the needs of neighborhood families it was decided to make the school in a community center style so as to provide services for low income families. The family resource center in the school helped connect parents with the various activities in school and also provide them with many facilities including computers, free food and clothing provided by government agencies. Strategies to Enhance Parental Involvement: The Clark Committee had designed parental involvement plans based on broad definition of parent involvement and on foundation of understanding. These strategies included inviting parents to school conferences, family nights and access resources offered by Family Resource Centers. All these services were found to have a positive impact of parent involvement and hence positively impacted Clark Elementary School. Benefits of Parental Involvement: Interviewers described better parent involvement leading to academic success. Teachers found that students were more motivated and had better self confidence as a result of parent involvement. Parents also were found to have other benefits of involvement other than academic ones and they could feel themselves part of a community. Recommendations Following things are recommended in this study: In order to develop strategies for parent involvement in low income schools it would be better to input the advice of neighbors and interested agency representatives in order to understand the lives of people the school shall serve. If we can get a clear understanding of the lives of their school families, we ought to encourage definition of parental involvement which would acknowledge a wide list of parental behaviors that lead to academic success. Educators serving low-income populations must consider offering services to the families of their students, thereby bringing parents into the school buildings. Full-service schools can provide services based on the understanding of the needs of the neighborhood, intended to meet the needs of low-income school families. Educators should invite the input and participation of community agencies, businesses, and faith-based groups in any efforts to meet the needs of school families. Offering the opportunity to provide input can encourage them to own the process and make them have a long term participation in the process Educators need to accept that parents may not choose to be involved in education in commonly accepted ways. Conclusion The main point of the article is that a better understanding of the community needs is a must for forming a better definition of parent involvement for the community. Hence, Educators working in low-income communities need a willingness to learn about their student populations and a high degree of commitment to school families in order to better formulate parent involvement strategies in schools. The author has used qualitative research methods to show a relationship between better understanding of the community by the school for introducing steps to increase parent involvement at the college. However, the main problem lies here in the sampling for interviews. Here snowball sampling is being used. This should have been avoided as snowball samples are hardly representatives of target populations and are just used for exploratory purposes. Since data for teachers and parents could have been made available by the school I this case, Using that data could have lead to a better sample cou ld have been prepared that would have been more representative of the population at hand. As it stands the study can be considered a good starting point of research for introducing steps for parent involvement in low income schools. Bibliography Smith, J. G. (2006). Parental Involvement in Education Among Low-Income Families: A Case Study. School Community Journal , 43.

Hockey Lockout :: essays research papers

Players Behind Bars The National Hockey League (NHL) has a great history. Many think the ‘original six’ was the beginning. This is not so. In 1917 it consisted of five teams, namely the Montreal Canadians, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators, Quebec Bulldogs and the Toronto Arenas. Toronto was the only team with artificial ice. During the 1923-24 seasons a franchise was granted to the first American team, the Boston Bruins. As can be seen the first six team NHL occurred in 1924-5 but varied greatly from the six teams promoted today as the original six. In the 80 years since the original six teams were in place, the league has grown extremely rapidly, presently having 30 teams. [NHL History] Hockey is the Canadian game, but has also turned into a profitable business. The current commissioner of the National Hockey League, Gary Bettman, may have ruined the league for years to come. Bettman and the rest of the NHL owners are locking out the players demanding what they are calling "cost certainty." Their method for this is a salary cap. The owners are clearly at fault for the crisis at hand, and are the cause for the cancellation of the 2004-05 seasons. The owners caused each and every one of the problems they now wish to solve; they were not very welcoming to negotiations, and were not willing to bend from their unreasonable proposition of a ‘hard cap’. The owners have been the masters of their own demise. The New York Rangers, in the last few years have had an incredible pay role. Who is it that is trying to buy a winning team, by tripling salaries? Not the players – the Rangers owners. Consistently as the league grew from the original six to the thirty teams there are now, the salaries of the players grew with it. The owners did not buy franchises for the love of the game, but to make money. To make money the team must win. Owners have been constantly spending more money to buy their players. The players dedicate their lives to the sport, are constantly on the road, and sacrifice their bodies for the game. The player’s goals are to be the best that they can be. Did the players make the contracts? No – the only wrong they have committed was signing the dotted line on the bottom. The owners then take this action against the players to try to protect themselves from their own check books.

Heidi Roizen/ Building a Network Essay

In my opinion Heidi Roizen’s network is one of her greatest assets. â€Å"While other people use networks to build their business, Heidi’s business is networking. She’s very effective and uses her network to add real value.†, Randy Komisar commented on the article. Her networking skills are extremely efficient. She is really good at blending her professional with her personal networking. She always grabs the nucleus people of a network and then keeps in touch with all the people in that network. And another strength that makes Roizen’s networking successful is that she understands and pays more attention on the win-win relationship which is a core factor that differentiated her skills from others. Her style includes an unpretentious, down- to-earth, and positive personality which played an important role for her success. Additionally, as mentioned on the article by Royal Farros â€Å"Heidi is a pro at turning a brief conversation into one of substance, by contributing one or two unique ideas in a short period of time. That helps make the conversation memorable.† The downside of Roisen’s networking is that they are thousands of people that know her and in some cases people may feel they have a relationship with her, and therefore request her time for meetings. There are also some weaknesses in her networking. Her networking lacks more diversity. According to the article, she always invites the people to her party that have known half of any other people attend the party. That could potentially lead to a result that she can meet less people at one time, she could miss some important talents and opportunities. Also her networking really focuses on companies and people mostly bases in the Silicon Valley. In order to build her networking, Roizen has taken several steps. She begun building relationship with members of the press and she also attended several industry conferences and events. Later on she also decided to join the board of the Software Publishers Association (SPA). The article also mentioned that she gets motivation to get to know good-quality and talented people and be friends with then. She also knows that she is placing a bet by investing so much time in these people, but many of her bets paid off for her in the past. Additionally, she acknowledges that is easier to meet people when they are not famous, and off course it would be easier for her when they become famous because she would already have a relationship with them. And she spends a long-term effort on performance and consistency during and after each interaction to maintain a better and long living network. I think Heide should diversify more her network and try to create strong connections with leaders from other industries a besides technology and venture capital. Also because of the breath and depth of her network, she will constantly have people reaching out for her, so in my opinion she will have to be more selective of her time and people who she will interact with, and most important she will have to say no to some people. Additionally, she should probably balance more her life and reduce the number of industry events or gatherings hosted by her, which according to the article she already initiated this process. I would like to reinforce my arguments in this paragraph with something that Roizen mentioned in a news article, â€Å"At the close of my life, I’d like to look back and know that I got — and delivered — good value out of living. I’d like to know that I took advantage of the opportunities that I was blessed with for myself and my family. I want to know that I created good balance in my life, enjoyed it, lived well and enhanced the lives of others in the process.†

Gender, Resistance, and Violence Essay

Most people in the capitalist west take it for granted that what they refer to as the Muslim world is recognized most for marginalization and mistreatment of women and girls (Arebi, 99). This belief runs so deep that some westerners are shocked at the sight of Muslim women travelling alone or freely dressed (El-Ghobashy, 110). While the grounds for this belief may have been less shaky centuries ago, women in the Arab world have been taking more active leadership at all levels, rising to become national leaders in such countries as Pakistan, Turkey and the former Yugoslavia (Caprioli & Boyer, 506). The West, and the relatively young Israel, have attacked the Arab world on numerous occasions and not surprisingly, their soldiers are currently occupying Iraq and Afghanistan. The occupying soldiers have been blamed for imposing curfews, sexual assault, beating and humiliating the locals, shooting and injuring parents and their children, and closing border crossings at will (Dubinsky, Krull, Lord, Mills & Rutherford, 16; Mbembe, 39). It is not surprising that a large percentage of Americans are suspicious of Muslims (Asad, 97). Predictably, men in the Middle East have dominated the counter-assault on occupying forces, using such tactics as guerilla attacks, landmines, bombs and suicide attacks. However, women have not taken the backseat they would have been expected to take a century ago (Massad, 469). In resistance to occupation forces and the consequent assault on their culture, thousands of Muslim women have welcomed extremist anti-West ideas and proceeded to attack the occupying soldiers (Crossette, 39). Granted that women attract less suspicion, they make choice suicide bombers. According to Asad (94), the life of an Arab is far cheaper than an Israeli’s, according to the Israelis. It is not odd that the latter kills Arabs in their hundreds for every one Israeli killed. Arab women have been direct and indirect victims of these attacks. It is to defend their people against Israeli- and Western-inspired attacks that more and more women have joined the combat ranks of extremist organizations. Arab women have also led aggressive resistance political campaigns to champion their causes with varying levels of success (Hasso, 90). Thousands of Arab women have sought high-level education in the west and have initiated campaigns of resistance against the attacks aimed at the Arabs. Bibliography Arebi, S. Gender Anthropology in the Middle East: The Politics of Muslim Women’s Misrepresentation. The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1991: pp 91-108. Asad, T. Talal Asad on Suicide Bombing. Caprioli, M. & Boyer, M. Gender Violence, and International Crisis. Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 45, No. 4, August 2001: pp 503-518. Crossette, B. Militancy: Living in a World Without Women. The New York Times, November 4, 2001. Dubinsky, K. , Krull, C. , Lord, S. , Mills, S. & Rutherford, S. (Eds). New World Coming: The Sixties and the Shaping of Global Consciousness. Toronto: Between the Lines, 2009. El-Ghobashy. Quandaries of Representation. Hasso, F. Resistance, Repression, and Gender Politics in Occupied Palestine and Jordan. Massad, J. Conceiving the Masculine: Gender and Palestinian Nationalism. Middle East Journal, Vol. 49, No. 3 (1995): pp 467-483. Mbembe, A. Necropolitics. Public Culture 15(1), 2003. Pp 11-40.

Metabolic Race Essay

GREAT METABOLIC CHALLENGE Metabolism is a series of vital biochemical processes that take place in order to sustain life. During a marathon run, the individual relies on the breakdown of carbohydrates and lipids, in order to provide energy release in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). This essay will focus on the role of mobilization and structures of both carbohydrates and lipids in the production of ATP. Mobilization of Carbohydrates When carbohydrates are consumed during a meal, catabolism originates in the mouth. The salivary enzyme ÃŽ ±-amylase breaks down the carbohydrates through the hydrolysis of the ÃŽ ±1->4 glycosidic bonds. This is followed by the further breakdown of the complex polysaccharides in the small intestine down to monosaccharides units in order for the glucose to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream. Mobilization of Lipids Lipids in the form of triaglycerols are a major source of energy storage. Initially, the lipids are absorbed in the small intestine through emulsification into small droplets by bile salts; thus forming mixed micelles. During low blood sugar levels, the secretion of glucagon and adrenalin hormones activates the release of the enzyme triacylglycerol lipase, which subsequently stimulates the release of fatty acids in adipocytes. The blood protein serum albumin then transports the fatty acid through the bloodstream to tissue such as the renal cortex, heart and skeletal muscle in order to provide energy through ÃŽ ²-oxidation. Provision of energy during race On your mark At the beginning of the race, internal energy laws determine in which direction and to what extent each metabolic reaction will proceed. According to this system, when the Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) is negative, a spontaneous forward reaction is proceeding towards equilibrium thus resulting in the formation of products from reactants. During this marathon, ATP is the energy currency during the breakdown of macromolecules, more specifically  the breakdown carbohydrates and lipids in this case. Furthermore ATP will be necessary for muscular movement and the transport of solutes across biological membranes. 5 minutes After 5 minutes into the marathon, majority of the energy is being supplied by carbohydrates (85%) specifically glycogen that is stored in skeletal muscle and liver; in comparison to a mere 15% of lipid utilization. At this early stage of the race, the ten-step process of glycolysis is starting to take place; in which pyruvate is being formed from glucose. In the first half of this process known as the preparatory phase, there is a debt of two ATP molecules. However this is recovered in the payoff phase in which 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is oxidized and phosphorylated to form 3-phosphoglycerate, with the production of four ATP molecules; thus providing a net yield of 2 ATP molecules. 30 minutes Half way through the race, the citric acid cycle predominates in the oxidation of carbohydrates and lipids in order to supply energy. At this stage, half of the runner’s energy needs are being supplied by carbohydrates while the other half is being met by lipids. Within the mitochondria of the cell, 45 minutes As the race is nearing the end, most of the energy is being supplied through the catabolism of fats from storages in adipose tissue.

The Peace Treaty Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Peace Treaty - Lab Report Example His 14 points were aimed at improving the conditions of the European states and had little to do with benefiting America. After the war the European countries had no specific direction or plan on what to do. The major concern to the European Allied forces was the division of the lands and reclamation of their own which had been lost to the enemies during the war. They had no idea on how to ensure lasting peace in the world so such an event would never occur again. At such a time America provided a neutral approach to the war as their entrance in the war had put them in the light of a moral crusader attempting to put an end to war as America faced little direct threat from the enemy and no advantage of territorial advances. So whatever the outcome, America would have had no benefits as compared to the European countries directly involved in the fighting. Perhaps that is why America did not enter the war as an ally but an Associated Power. Wilson wished his country to be a role player in providing peace to the world. (Henig, pp.10, 1995) The 14 points of Wilson could be demarcated into two basic categories. The first category contains those points which were generalized in nature and would require equal participation from all the nations. These policies aimed at establishing equality and a sense of fairness among the victors and the defeated. The other policies were more specific in nature addressing issues related to countries directly; such as the issues relating to Belgium, France, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Turkey and the Balkan states. The generalized policies proposed by Wilson could be seen as attempts to make the superpowers act more humbly and provide the smaller countries less reason to fear them. He proposed the abolition of hidden treaties which were considered the primary cause for the war in the first place. Another proposal was to have open sea travel over international waters. Decolonialization and disarmament of all countries aimed at removing the resentful image of the superpowers who had led many smaller countries to enter the war because of their colonial power over them. These measures aimed to cut down the possibility of the superpowers using other nations to aid them in their conflicts. Finally an open trade agreement was proposed which was very much similar to the WTO being implemented today. This aimed at providing a fair chance to all the countries to do business rather than facing barriers in trade by larger more powerful countries. These policies were not met with much enthusiasm from the Br itish and French as they believed these policies to not recognize the "hard reality of the situation". (Henig, pp.10, 1995) The specific policies were aimed at restoring the lands lost by the warring nations and in introducing an American style of governance in the countries responsible for the war. But probably the most visionary proposal of the Wilson 14 Points was to have a multilateral international association monitoring the nations and ensuring peace and foreshadowing the League of Nations. This proposal could be seen implemented in the form of the creation of the United Nations in 1945. The proposals made by