Computers :: essays research papers

Computers      Computer argon electronic device that chamberpot receive a set of instructions,or political program, and then carry out a program by performing calculations on numbereddata or by compiling and correlating other forms of culture. The old worldof technology could not believe well-nigh the making of estimators. Different typesand sizes of electronic computers find uses throughout our world in the discussion of dataincluding secret governmental files and making banking transactions to private house accounts. Computers have opened up a new world in manufacturingthrough the developments of automation, and they have made youthful communicationsystems. They are great tools in almost e very(prenominal)thing you want to do research andapplied technology, including constructing models of the world to producingtomorrows weather reports, and their use has in itself opened up new areas ofdevelopment. Database work and computer networks make available a greatvariety of information sources. The same new designs also make possible ideas ofprivacy and of cut back information sources, but computer crime has become avery important risk that society must face if it would enjoy the benefits ofmodern technology. Two main types of computers are in use today, analog anddigital, although the depot computer is often used to mean only the digital type.Everything that a digital computer does is based on one operation the office todetermine if a switch, or gate is open or closed. That is, the computer stackrecognize only two states in any of its microscopical circuits on or off, highvoltage or low voltage, orin the case of numbers0 or 1. The drive on at which thecomputer performs this simple act, however, is what makes it a marvel of moderntechnology. Computer speeds are measured in megaHertz, or millions of cycles persecond. A computer with a "clock speed" of 10 mHza fairly representative speedfor a microcomputeris capable of exec uting 10 million discrete operations eachsecond. Business microcomputers can perform 15 to 40 million operations persecond, and supercomputers used in research and defense applications strikespeeds of billions of cycles per second. Digital computer speed and calculatingpower are unless enhanced by the amount of data handled during each cycle. If acomputer checks only one switch at a time, that switch can represent only twocommands or numbers thus ON would symbolize one operation or number, and OFFwould symbolize another. By checking groups of switches linked as a unit,however, the computer increases the number of operations it can recognize ateach cycle. The first adding machine, a precursor of the digital computer, was